A Sa Pa ,un tourisme écologique , sous la houlette des femmes

Au nord  Vietnam , dans des villages reculés, vivent des minorités ethniques qui pour fuir les persécutions, se sont refugiées dans les montagnes.

Malgré toutes les injustices subies qui visaient leur extermination, ces tribus ont su envers et contre tout garder l’essence de leur culture.

Ces minorités ethniques : Thaï, Muong, Nung, Tay, Hmong, Dao ou Lolo sont dans certains cas sous- classifiées selon la couleur dominante de leur vêtements traditionnels.

Ainsi chez les Hmongs  nous avons  les  Hmongs noirs, rouges, blancs ou bariolés.

En plus d’avoir réussi le tour de force de garder leurs traditions intactes, ces peuples ont réussi à révolutionner le tourisme dans cet endroit du monde.

Chez les Hmongs noirs, cette révolution touristique est portée par des femmes.

Un fois à Sa Pa ville du nord du Vietnam , des femmes habillées de sublimes vêtements , et parures, proposent des randonnées  écologiques et  hors de sentier battus pour visiter leurs villages.

Des femmes comme EM. Ce surnom qui signifie « la petite », lui a été donné à l’école parce qu’elle était toute menue.

Em est mariée et mère de deux enfants . Une fille nommée Xi et un garçon, Vang.

Elle nous a ouvert les portes de sa maison et nous a permis de découvrir son magnifique village Hau Thao. Depuis Sapa une route magnifique, dévoilant des paysages somptueux, des rizières aux figures géométriques, nous conduit jusqu’au village dans les montagnes.

 Notre trajet est parsemé de belles rencontres : des enfants qui nous vendent des bracelets faits à la main, Des femmes qui fabriquent des tissus au chanvre teints dans de l’indigo, un long processus manuel qui n’a pas changé depuis la nuit temps et qui produit des étoffes colorées qui serviront à confectionner leurs vêtements.

Les Hmongs noirs produisent leurs vêtements eux même. Que ce soit pour des évènements spécifiques comme le mariage, la fête du nouvel an lunaire ou la vie quotidienne.

Lors de notre marche qui nous conduisit à Hau Thao, nous vîmes  quasiment que des femmes guides touristiques.

 Force est de constater qu’elles gèrent le tourisme et la bourse, et sont un moteur important dans l’économie.

Em nous raconte comment ce processus s’est mis en place de son côté. Le tourisme était d’abord méconnu dans la région. Un jour, les habitants des montagnes virent des guides vietnamiens débarqués avec des individus de « grande taille », ils eurent peur et allèrent se cacher . Réaction légitime étant donné les persécutions connues.

A l’école, fort heureusement, l’instituteur leur fit comprendre qu’il s’agissait de touristes, qui venaient admirer leur belle région et que loin d’être une menace, ces visites pourraient être un tremplin pour eux et les sortir de la marginalisation.

Il leur conseilla de se saisir de cette opportunité pour découvrir de nouveaux horizons , apprendre de nouvelles langues, leur vendre des objets.

C’est ainsi que EM et ses amies commencèrent à interagir avec les touristes en leur proposant des bracelets. À leur contact, elle apprit l’anglais qu’elle parle couramment.

Pour avoir plus de revenus, elle travailla avec une agence, mais les commissions qu’elle percevait étaient basses comparées au service .

Pour se passer des intermédiaires, Les femmes décidèrent de s’organiser pour proposer un tourisme solidaire

Cette mini révolution a changé la donne, elles peuvent jouir du fruit de leur labeur sans avoir à s’acquitter des frais de l’agence, ce qui a un impact considérable sur leur situation économique et permet d’améliorer les conditions de vie de la communauté.

Ce tourisme équitable et juste permettra à EM de réaliser les grands rêves qu’elle a pour ses 2 enfants.

« J’aimerais que mes enfants puissent aller à l’école afin d’avoir un meilleur avenir »L’école primaire est quasi gratuite, mais pour le collège et l’université les coûts sont onéreux.

« Je ne veux pas que ma fille se marie jeune, comme ce fut mon cas, ou qu’elle ait à travailler dans les champs de riz. Ce travail est rude , je ne le souhaite pas pour mes enfants »

Même si le mariage avec son mari était loin d’être forcé , EM aimerait voir ses enfants avoir d’autres possibilités et leur éviter les rudes travaux champêtres.

Ce rêve a un cout élevé et pour être à la hauteur financière, EM a décidé qu’elle aurait 2 enfants et pas plus.

Le tourisme est malheureusement une activité aléatoire qui ne peut garantir des revenus à EM et sa famille. « L’idéal serait d’avoir des réservations faites à l’avance pour ne pas avoir à chercher des touristes à la gare. » Me confie EM .

Em dispose d’une page Facebook et est très professionnelle. n’hésitez pas à la contacter pour bénéficier de son hospitalité et ses talents culinaires

https://m.facebook.com/em.ghenh?tsid=0.9612730107273431&source=result

Passer quelques jours dans cette tribu avec EM et sa famille est une expérience sans précédents qui nous a permis, de découvrir sa tribu et les valeurs qui y règnent,comme la solidarité et surtout de faire la connaissance des ces femmes fortes, aux mains bleues qui tiennent les rênes de leur communauté.

Une expérience que je recommande vivement.

The reign of buttocks on social networks: like an air of Sara Bartman

Do you know the story of Sara Baartman?

That young South African girl who was displayed in Europe like an animal?

Captured or freely brought to Europe?

The versions differ, but they converge on one essential matter, the life of this woman, has been a succession of gradual sufferings that made her the symbol of scientific racism.

Even in death, which is supposed to be the ultimate deliverance, her misery could not end.

Who was Sara Baartman? How did she get to Europe?

Sara Bartman was a young Khoi- san woman (a mixture of nomadic Khoikhoi herders and San hunters). She was born in 1789 in South Africa, where she spent her life in the service of her masters.

Although her life in South Africa was far from being quiet or peaceful, things took a dramatic turn when Alexander Dunlop, her employer’s friend Hendrik Cesar, saw in her a potential that could be exploited in Europe, and convinced the latter to take her with him to London.

 At the time, the freak shows were a growing attraction in Europe, and Dunlop saw her as the ideal candidate.

In fact, the explorers had already spread, through their writings and stories, a fascination around the “extraordinary” physical attributes of the women of her tribe:

Developed buttock (steatopygia) and hypertrophy of the labia minora (elongated labia).

So much so, that they had gone from myth to obsession.

The two friends made her sign a contract, selling her a life of a star.

In 1810, when Sara boarded that boat for London, she had no idea that she would become the object of so many voyeuristic fascinations.

She didn’t know that her uniqueness would be scrutinized, analyzed, dissected.

Saraatje didn’t know that the notoriety she was promised would be at her expense.

Sara Baartman, a “Venus Hottentot” in London

Once in London, she performed in various shows, in which she was presented as a circus freak.

She was not naked during her performances, but dressed in light and suggestive ways, leaving little room for the imagination. The advertising posters representing her, highlighted her generous forms and her “hottentots” origins, the derogatory name given to the khoi Khoi by the Dutch settlers. She was called “the Venus of the hottentot” on stage, to accentuate the mockery.

Sara’s performances were popular in England. Was she forced to perform? Was she paid under the terms of the contract? Difficult to say even if it is easy to doubt.

A small glimmer of hope arose when her working conditions were noticed by the African association, which sued her masters/impresarios for exploitation.

While we can be impressed by England’s avant-garde approach to human rights, given that this trial was held in 1810, it must be said that Sara was given two choices:

Either return to her home country and be a slave or stay in England to do her shows and be at the mercy of her managers.

She probably thought she was choosing the lesser of two evils.

On the stand Sara admitted to consent. According to her, her conditions were fine except for the lack of warm clothes. So she then remained in Europe.

What if she wanted to stay in England and have a revisited contract? Or build a life as a free woman? Sadly she didn’t have these options.

Sara Bartman’s resistance against scientists

Her shows in England grew unpopular as time went by, so she found herself in France, where she fell into the nets of Reaux, an animal trainer. Once again, she was exhibited for her anatomy, again under even harsher conditions than in England.

To make matters worse, she crossed paths with scientists Georges Cuvier and Geoffroy Saint-. Hilaire, as they were in search of guinea pigs to support their racist theories.

For them, this woman “hottentot” was a scientific manna, which they were eager to take advantage of. They were hoping to see this famous “hottentot apron”, the name given by Europeans to Khoi san women’s genitals, because of the lengthening of their labias.  When they thought they could have access to her body and use it as they pleased, Sara refused to give-in to their unhealthy curiosity. She categorically refused their request to reveal her private parts. They even tried to convince her, by offering her money, but nothing worked, she remained firm on her decision. Which left them wanting more.

Sara’s remains stained with scientific racism at the hands of Georges Cuvier

Torn apart by her living conditions, unfortunate cocktail of spirit, prostitution, abuse, and broken dreams, Sara’s star faded away in Paris in 1815.

For every human being, the journey to the afterlife means the end of suffering on earth, but for Sara this was not the case.

Her death was a godsend for the scientist Cuvier, who now had the freedom to continue his research without having to undergo her protests.

After dissecting her body, the father of comparative anatomy wrote her a eulogy, which earned its rightful place in the records of scientific racism.

This report entitled « Extract of observations made on the body of a woman known in Paris and London as Venus Hottentot. » although despicable as it was, it is only a reflection of that era.

Dehumanizing the other even if it means using shortcuts, arbitrary and confusing classifications.

Contrary to what is read everywhere, Cuvier did not describe Saraatje as a missing link since he was not an evolutionist, but he did no better. He finds in her similarities with primates.

In his report(https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_R2q2Weu3Q4IC/page/n5 )the reading of which has left me with a heavy heart, the young woman is described in a simian way.  « Her movements had something sudden and erratic that were reminiscent of those of a monkey. »

 Her physical features did not escape the subjective judgment of the scientist « The most repugnant thing about our Bushman was her physiognomy.. (…) I have never seen a human head more like apes than hers …. »

The scientific prosecutor Cuvier pronounces his sentences :« they were no exception to this cruel law which seems to have condemned these races with depressed and compressed skulls to a never ending inferiority. »

After a perilous exercise supported by craniometry, he took the opportunity to say that blacks could not be at the origin of Egyptian civilization (supreme blasphemy!) as the Scottish explorer James Bruce stated « What is already clear is that neither these Gallas nor these Bushmen, nor any race of Negroes, gave birth to the famous people who established civilization in ancient Egypt, and from which one can say that the whole world has inherited the principles of law, science, and perhaps even religion… »

Even if he recognizes her intelligence. She spoke three languages and had a good visual memory.

The renowned professor will remain faithful to the racist dogmas conveyed

The danger is that these words from scientists were considered as gospel words and distilled in public opinion.

They were even taken up in later years by other researchers brought up on scientific racism and written in textbooks.

This passage was not Sara’s last suffering. Her remains were exhibited as a war trophy at the Musée de l’homme in Paris. until 2002, when she was finally returned to her native land.

Sara Baartman in the age of social media

Nowadays steatopygia still fascinates, it is no longer the distinctive trait of the “bushmen” but extends to all regions, all cultures around the world.

It even generates income, so the less fortunate do not hesitate to resort to surgical interventions or miraculous creams.

Freaks shows have moved from the real world to the virtual world.

In this world, it is difficult to distinguish the real from the fake,the free from the oppressed, as the illusion and the pretending is the norm.

If Sara Baartman had been on social media, we would have been there with our gravely comments, shared her photos, participated in her public dissection, as we do today for many women, who believe they are free but who are in fact prisoners of their buttocks and the role we want them to play. A role they think they can capitalize on, but one that goes far beyond them.

What if we were cautious not to be accomplices of the Cuvier, Reaux, Dunlop and many others lurking in the shadows?

Rest in Peace Sara Baartman and may the world learn from the sufferings that were inflicted on you.

Racism,a mental disorder

Dr Mamadou Barry

It’s official! Racism is a mental disorder.
If you suffer from it ,I strongly urge you to have yourself admit to a psychiatric hospital.A treatment with electroshocks could restore your brain. For the worst cases a lobotomy could be considered.
Mamadou Barry a brilliant young man ,an academic doctor was murdered in front of his wife and 2 years old daughter.His only crime was to be born with the wrong color .
His agressor officially recognized as “mentally unbalanced “used racism slurs before delivering mortal blows against him.We are in 2019, and being born black can be a cause of death,and I am afraid that will still be the case in years to come.
What can we tell his wife?What will we tell his daughter when she will be old enough to understand?
A young man full of projects,a young man with a promising future ahead…
The circumstances of his death are aberrant, repugnant…
I wonder how many of those racists oups…”mentally unbalanced ” are walking in the streets.
Rest in peace Dr Mamadou Barry.My sincere condolences to your family and to those who carry you in their hearts.
Mine is bleeding when I see your pictures.

A splash of Blue to blanket the Sudanese red blood

Credit:Umit Bekta

A splash of Blue to blanket the Sudanese red blood

On June 03, we witnessed the monumental horror of an emerging dictatorship. The peaceful protest of the Sudanese people was brutally and viciously repressed by the military junta. More than 100 people were killed, excluding rapes and kidnappings.

#Blue for Sudan

The answer in response to this barbaric attitude was the birth of the hashtag #Blue for Sudan. Social media donned blue sheets to support the brave Sudanese.

And yet a few weeks earlier, amidst the fast-food media and the ensuing “follow-others blindly”, we celebrated the dismissal of Omar al-Bashir, which was but ringing the bell of deceit, heralding our naive belief that the troubles of the Sudanese have come to an end. We soon found another piece of ephemral distraction to munch on.

While we were devoting our time and attention to our mundane occupations, the Sudanese — under other conditions, were still vigilant and servaillant. A great depiction of the old saying “That who was bitten by a snake is wary of the caterpillar”. Bashir had indeed been removed from power, but power was not yet in civilian hands, a sine qua non condition for achieving democracy.

Revolution of awareness

An awareness-raising revolution has been set up to bring the military into compliance. The Sudanese people, stood up in unisson against the military and evinced their defiance to the soldiers, who, short of arguments, brutally reprimanded them.

How is it possible to conceal such schizophrenia among the soldiers who massacre a people they claimed to support?

Perhaps the thirst for power? Perhaps we ought to allow the Sudanese a chance to speak out for themselves — and to better assess the big picture?

The Voice of a Sudanese

Mugtaba is 25 years old. He graduated from Sudan University’s Faculty of Science and Technology with honors in Engineering in 2015. Last year, he had to travel to the Arab Emirates after being unable to secure a job in Sudan.

For the first time during a revolution, he was outside his country. Sudan has experienced several resistance movements. Mugtaba was involved in those of 2013 and 2016. Unhappy with his position as a spectator, he became active on social media 24 hours a day to share and spread news. Since the Egyptian revolution, social media have proven to be a significant catalyst for shaking up lines. It is no coincidence that Internet access has been disrupted in Sudan. # internet blackout sudan.

I spotted him thanks to his online dynamism. Without hesitation, he agreed to answer my questions.

Mugtaba’s brother was held in Sudanese jails a few weeks ago before being released.

“The military and Omar al-Bashir are both sides of the same coin. They overthrew him for the sake of power instead of supporting the people.” declared Mugtaba. “We are not fools and we will not let them succeed” he continues.

“We have no desire for Bashir nor his henchmen. The Sudanese people will never compromise their fundamental rights.”

The resilience of the Sudanese people is apparent judging by my discussion with Mugtaba. A people weary of tyranny that neither rape, kidnapping nor murder can stop in their quest for freedom.

“It’s a peaceful revolution… to secure justice”

“It is crucial to emphasize on the peaceful nature of this protest” hammers out Mugtaba Despite the bullying, we will only respond with peace as a sole weapon. “The blood of the Sudanese people has already been spilled enough and we will do everything we can to prevent it from spreading further.”

“If a protester dares to brandish a stone, he/she is sidelined, to guns, we reply with flowers.” continues Mugtaba. Change takes place in non-violence.

In response to the question of what the Sudanese people expect from this revolution, he replies: “Justice, democracy, peace. This is a revolution of awareness. The people no longer want a military regime and want the freedom to shape their own destiny We have not stood up to Omar al-Bashir to stop at this point.”

Supporting the Sudanese revolution

This is such a noble cause that you can only want but to be part of it. However, in what way?

“Everyone can help in their own way by reporting the unfortunate situation, sharing information about the revolution, making people aware of the plight of the Sudanese people” says Mugataba

“We are moved by the support we receive from all over the world. We hope to see this continue. We on our side will not surrender. Even if the world has only one Sudanese left, he will carry the torch of the revolution.” add Mugtaba.

Mugtaba made it clear during the meeting that he was not interested in being allocated any space from the article. I had to insist in order to mention his name. It is not out of fear of retaliation : “between death and losing his soul” his choice is free from ambiguity. Rather lest stealing the spotlight from the revolution as he wants it to be the star of the topic. “I want us to talk about the Revolution, it’s the biggest breakthrough. I can’t simply overshadow it by my presence. It is the revolution and not myself that needs to be the focus of attention.” he concluded.

Sudan, our collective well-being

Our eyes must not drift away from the fate of the Sudanese people.

Setting it free must be a our responsibility. Sudan is our common heritage.

By immersing ourselves in the dense history of this country, we realize first-hand that it should occupy a prominent place in the hearts of all Africans.

Formerly Nubia, this great African country not only because of its vastness but also because of its history, which has sheltered the most glorious part of the black civilization. From its core emanated the greatest kingdoms, Kush, Kerma, Napata, Meroe, a dynasty of black pharaohs like Piye, Taharka and a bloodline of kandaces, the famous warrior queens.

The Meroitic empire was highly evolved with a model of gender equality that would make modern feminists blush in shame. Women had the right to lead on an equal basis with men. In light of this system, great queens like Amanirenas were able to rise. This article alone is unable to cover the rich history of Sudan… This is but a preliminary sketch to demonstrate that Sudan is the cradle of our long-denied civilization… Supporting this country means protecting our heritage.

Contributing to a successful outcome of the revolution by disseminating information is our common duty. The Sudanese people’s blood will not be spilled in vain.

Let us all carry their message!

Together, let us support them!

This is My Sudan, Your Sudan, His Sudan, Her Sudan, Their Sudan, Our Sudan.

#SudanUprisin
#ImTheSudanRevolution
#Watch_sudan_in_30june
#Internet_blackout_in_sudan
#BlueForSudan
#civil_disobedience_in_sudan